While you listen to these excerpts, name as many of its musical characteristics as you can. Can you name the genre? tempo? instruments? mood? time signature? key signature? chord progression? tuning frequency? song structure?
Another:
One more:
Here is a sampling of tasks found in music information retrieval:
Example: RiffStation
Example: Melodyne
Example: Auto-Tune
Example: Key Detection and Auto-harmonization with iZotope Nectar 2